People Behaviour Essay Example for Free

People Behaviour Essay Methodology is concern with both the detail research methods through with data is collected, and the more general philosophies upon which the collection and analysis of data are based. In methodology there are two types of research methods in which researchers can depend on when researching. These are â€Å"Quantitative† and â€Å"Qualitative† research. Quantitative research deals with a term which August Comte came up with, â€Å"Positivism.† This quantitative research deals with more scientific research than based on theory, it focuses on scientific methods of study. Despite the considerable influence of the ‘scientific’ approaches to sociological methodology, an alternative series of interpretive or qualitative approaches has long existed within sociology. Qualitative research often collects subjective data such as information about people’s emotions, feelings and values and also isn’t structure like quantitative research. Between both the ‘Quantitative and Qualitative research’, quantitative uses questionnaire to gather data. A questionnaire is a number of preset questions that can contain open-ended, fixed choice or combination of both types of questions. In this essay it would be shown that questionnaires cannot be used to capture the truth about people’s behaviour, but to an extent. In questionnaire research the same questions are usually given to respondents in the same order so that the same information can be collected from every member of the sample. There are many methods on how to distribute questionnaires. The first method would be the postal questionnaire, as the name suggests it is mailed to the respondents with a stamped address envelope for return to the researcher. Postal questionnaires are rather inexpensive, time consuming and has little less than fifty percent (50%) of  the questionnaires posted back. This would seriously bias the researcher research, since there may be systematic differences between those who returned questionnaires than those who did not. For example, the main response to a postal questionnaire on marital relationships might come from those experiencing marital problems and wish to air their grievance. If non-respondents were happily married, the researcher would be unjustified in making generalizations about married life on the basis of the return questionnaires. Therefore the researcher would not be able to analyse the questions clearly and would not be able to analyse properly the married couples who are happy, sad, frustrated or even devoice, because of the lack of questionnaires missing from married couples. Apart from the first method, the second method has a far higher return rate than the postal. This is because it is to administer the questionnaire to a group such as a class of students or workers at a union meeting. This method is less expensive and maintains the advantage of the presence of an interviewer. However, the interviewer must ensure that the respondents do not discuss anything while doing the questionnaire, due to the researcher would like the respondent own view and not from the help of others. This would therefore give the researcher an image towards how the respondent expresses themselves towards the questions within the questionnaire. The first two (2) methods that were stated above both used questionnaires mainly the first through postal and the second has an interviewer present at the time the questionnaires were given out. This method in the other hand is done through the telephone. This is mostly used in conducting of market research for companies, but it is not usually regarded satisfactory by sociologist. According to (Aldridge and Levine, 2001), it is hard to establish rapport in such interviews, disadvantage groups tend to be under-represented in samples, it is difficult to ask sensitive questions, respondents cannot be expected to remember a wide range of possible answers to fixed-choice questions, and visual aids cannot be used. This may make the respondent very uncomfortable and due to that they would not be willing to cooperate and answer the telephone questionnaire.  Therefore this may make it very hard on the researcher due to he or she would not be able to gain a proper response from the responden t. The fourth possibility is to administer questionnaires by e-mail. According to (Geoff Payne and Judy Payne, 2004), this may be a useful way of conducting dispersed groups of people, or those who might not wish to be questioned face-to-face. For example, it has been used in a study of people who committed self-harm. Although this method has its advantages, it also has its disadvantages. A problem of this is that genuine anonymity is difficult to assure since it is possible to track the source of an emailed response. Another big problem may be that the sample is restricted to those with access to computers and may therefore be unrepresentative, although the significance of this will diminish as the number of people without email and internet fails. This therefore would be a problem to the researcher because he or she may not be able to interpret the behaviour of the respondent towards the questionnaire and also the respondent may not take on the research seriously. These things hinder the researcher from collecting data towards his or her research. There are many reasons towards why questionnaires are inappropriate to capture the behaviour of people. But there are one or two reasons that could help the research in that, but only up to an extent. The second method that was stated can be of use in this by the interviewer watching every one’s reaction towards the questionnaire. This can determine the respondent answer by the feedback he or she gave during reading the questions. In conclusion, questionnaires can be used to capture people’s behaviour but to an extent. Yet it have been shown in this essay that you cannot simply capture someone behaviour with the use of questionnaires. It is due because the respondent can lie during the questionnaire or even the researcher would not get back a proper feedback to determine the respondent answer. In the end it has been shown that questionnaires cannot capture peoples’ behaviour.

Acupuncture Essay -- Health Medical China Argumentative Essays

Acupuncture The traditional Chinese treatment of acupuncture is an affective alternative medicine that has been around for thousands of years. Acupuncture is one of the most researched and documented alternative medicines around (Acupuncture). Although a vast majority of people believe Western medicine is the only cure to sickness, many people benefit from acupuncture everyday. Most people disregard the ancient art all together without giving it a chance because are scared of the needles it involves. Also, since no accurate scientific explanation of how and why it works has been found, people shy away from it. The healing powers of the body are taken to a whole different level with this alternative medicine. Ancient roots of acupuncture can be traced back to archeology five thousand years ago. Its written existence has been around for about two thousand five hundred years (Dr. Michael). Acupuncture was discovered during the Chinese Empire in the Yuan dynasty which lasted from 1264 to 1368 CE (Felt). Statues of acupuncture were made during this time period and served as the base of date for the oriental medicine. Traditional acupuncture uses sterilized needles which are inserted into various acupuncture points in the human body. The needles can be anywhere from a half an inch to several inches long and produce stimulation inside the body (See). Sometimes, the needles are stirred around once inserted to speed up stimulation. In modern acupuncture, electrical stimulators are used to increase the amount of stimulation (Dr. Michael). The acupuncture points stimulated depends on a patient’s individual needs and treatment expectations. This oriental medicine is one of the safest ways to be cured of a sickness. It has no major side effects. One might experience a little pain or dizziness during the first few seconds of the first treatment, but this is rare. These side effects only occur if a patient is nervous or scared to be treated (RH). Acupuncture can cure everything Western medicine can, from diseases to back pain, without the dangerous, sometimes life-threatening side effects. Many patients turn to acupuncture as a last resort and find closure in its effectiveness. â€Å"My daughter and son have never taken a pill in their lives; acupuncture has cured all of their [health] problems† (Dr. Michael.). Acupuncture is individual based. It is a very â€Å"c... ...uman body is a sacred, complicated thing which can only be done by nature and God. In the book Frankenstein by Mary Shelley, Victor Frankenstein gets ahead of himself and takes on a task bigger than life itself, creating life. He forgets how sacred the creation of the body is and tries to create an ideal human for fame. Of course, the outcome was horrific and Victor paid for his actions for the rest of his life. Acupuncture doesn’t allow people to get ahead of themselves like Victor did; the way of thinking brought about is that of a natural sense. The techniques of the alternative medicine allow people to remember how magnificent and sacred the human body is and realize that it cannot be created through lab work or perfected through medicine. With Western medicine, patients can take up to four or five medications before finding one that suits their needs and most can have many life threatening side effects. With acupuncture, it is one procedure and one attempt to heal a patient with NO major side effects. Acupuncture is a unique ancient art that is backed by thousands of years of Chinese thought and research and has been proven affective for many people and their illnesses. Acupuncture Essay -- Health Medical China Argumentative Essays Acupuncture The traditional Chinese treatment of acupuncture is an affective alternative medicine that has been around for thousands of years. Acupuncture is one of the most researched and documented alternative medicines around (Acupuncture). Although a vast majority of people believe Western medicine is the only cure to sickness, many people benefit from acupuncture everyday. Most people disregard the ancient art all together without giving it a chance because are scared of the needles it involves. Also, since no accurate scientific explanation of how and why it works has been found, people shy away from it. The healing powers of the body are taken to a whole different level with this alternative medicine. Ancient roots of acupuncture can be traced back to archeology five thousand years ago. Its written existence has been around for about two thousand five hundred years (Dr. Michael). Acupuncture was discovered during the Chinese Empire in the Yuan dynasty which lasted from 1264 to 1368 CE (Felt). Statues of acupuncture were made during this time period and served as the base of date for the oriental medicine. Traditional acupuncture uses sterilized needles which are inserted into various acupuncture points in the human body. The needles can be anywhere from a half an inch to several inches long and produce stimulation inside the body (See). Sometimes, the needles are stirred around once inserted to speed up stimulation. In modern acupuncture, electrical stimulators are used to increase the amount of stimulation (Dr. Michael). The acupuncture points stimulated depends on a patient’s individual needs and treatment expectations. This oriental medicine is one of the safest ways to be cured of a sickness. It has no major side effects. One might experience a little pain or dizziness during the first few seconds of the first treatment, but this is rare. These side effects only occur if a patient is nervous or scared to be treated (RH). Acupuncture can cure everything Western medicine can, from diseases to back pain, without the dangerous, sometimes life-threatening side effects. Many patients turn to acupuncture as a last resort and find closure in its effectiveness. â€Å"My daughter and son have never taken a pill in their lives; acupuncture has cured all of their [health] problems† (Dr. Michael.). Acupuncture is individual based. It is a very â€Å"c... ...uman body is a sacred, complicated thing which can only be done by nature and God. In the book Frankenstein by Mary Shelley, Victor Frankenstein gets ahead of himself and takes on a task bigger than life itself, creating life. He forgets how sacred the creation of the body is and tries to create an ideal human for fame. Of course, the outcome was horrific and Victor paid for his actions for the rest of his life. Acupuncture doesn’t allow people to get ahead of themselves like Victor did; the way of thinking brought about is that of a natural sense. The techniques of the alternative medicine allow people to remember how magnificent and sacred the human body is and realize that it cannot be created through lab work or perfected through medicine. With Western medicine, patients can take up to four or five medications before finding one that suits their needs and most can have many life threatening side effects. With acupuncture, it is one procedure and one attempt to heal a patient with NO major side effects. Acupuncture is a unique ancient art that is backed by thousands of years of Chinese thought and research and has been proven affective for many people and their illnesses.

Case Study 1: What’s the Buzz on Smart Grids?

CASE STUDY 1: What's the Buzz on Smart Grids? 1. How do smart grids differ from the current electricity infrastructure in the United States? Current electricity grids do not provide any information about how consumers actually use energy. That makes it difficult to develop more efficient approaches to distribution. The current system offers few ways to handle power provided by alternative energy sources. Without useful information, energy companies and consumers have difficulty making good decisions about using energy wisely. A smart grid delivers electricity from suppliers to consumers using digital technology to †¢ save energy reduce costs †¢ increase reliability and transparency The smart grid enables information to flow back and forth between electric power providers and consumers and †¢ allows both consumers and energy companies to make more intelligent decisions regarding energy consumption and production. †¢ provides information that would help utilities ra ise prices when demand is high and lower them when demand lessens. †¢ helps consumers program high-use electrical appliances like heating and air conditioning consumption times usage systems to reduce during of peak usage. could possibly lead to a five to fifteen percent decrease in energy consumption. 2. What management, organization, and technology issues should be considered when developing a smart grid? Management: Information feedback would allow consumers to see how much energy they are consuming at any moment and how much it’s costing them. That would allow them to make better decisions about using appliances like air conditioners and furnaces. They could potentially lower their energy bills. However, governments and energy companies need to help consumers overcome the intrusive feelings associated with the technology.Dashboard monitoring software must be easy for consumers to understand and use. Organizations: There are many disincentives for energy companies ass ociated with smart grids. Operating budgets and profits would be severely impacted if consumers greatly reduced their energy consumption. Implementation costs would be extremely high, even with federal government assistance. Consumer backlash is already evident in the few experimental cases to date. Without properly structuring the implementation, that backlash could grow against the energy companies.Technology: Networks and switches for power management, sensor and monitoring devices to track energy usage and distribution trends; systems to provide energy suppliers and consumers with usage data, communications systems to relay data along the entire energy supply system, and systems linked to programmable appliances to run them when energy is least costly, are all expensive and time consuming to retrofit into all the homes across the nation. Basically, the entire energy infrastructure would require retrofitting. 3.What challenge to the development of smart grids do you think is most likely to hamper their development? Some challenges to the development of smart grids include: †¢ Changing the infrastructure of the entire electric grid across the nation †¢ Installing two-way meters that allow information to flow both to and from homes and businesses †¢ Creating dashboards that are user-friendly †¢ Extremely high costs of retrofitting the entire grid infrastructure, estimated to be as high as $75 billion †¢ Potential intrusiveness of new technology †¢ Perceived and real loss of privacy Potential economic impact on energy companies 4. What other areas of our infrastructure could benefit from ‘smart’ technologies? Describe one example not listed in the case. One example that could benefit from smart similar to the electric grids is monitoring water usage in homes and businesses. Smart technologies could allow water utilities and consumers to †¢ Monitor water flows much like electric usage †¢ Turn off lawn sprinkl ers during the heat of the day or based on predetermined schedules †¢ Use monitors in lawns and around plants and shrubs to prevent over- or under-watering †¢ Monitor evaporation rates Monitor fountains, and other water for usage pools, features of usage 5. Would you like your home and your community to be part of a smart grid? Why or why not? Explain. Yes, I would like my home to incorporate the new smart grid technology because it offers to save energy, reduce cost, and increase reliability. Understandably, there may be costs associated with this production such as maintenance, installation, etc. However, I would be willing to pay a little extra up front if I would be saving a lot more throughout its usage. Not to mention helping the environment would not be a bad incentive.

Business Ethics and Organizational Culture Free Essay Example, 1250 words

usiness Ethics and Organizational Culture of Enron Business Ethics and Organizational Culture of Enron Business is needed by people to earn money as money is involved in the selling of goods and services. Selling is not the only aspect of business because many processes are needed to conduct a business. Entrepreneurs and customers are not the only people involved in business as huge businesses like malls and corporations require employees to run the whole businesses. In having employees working for a company, ethics and culture mold them to work together towards the organizational goals. Ethics and culture are parts of the corporate world, but both of them are also found outside of the business and corporate context. It would help to define both concepts as they will both guide the discussion later on about a controversial company and how both ethics and culture were bended and changed. The first concept is that ethics which is part of philosophy that serves as guide on how to liv e in terms of the concept of goodness or between right and wrong (Pojman and Fieser, 2012, p. We will write a custom essay sample on Business Ethics and Organizational Culture or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now 2). The action is being judged as the motive affects the action and the outcome is checked as to whether it is good or bad. As people spend time to learn and explore the world, they seek the truth which gave birth to philosophy and pursues the integrity of the actions as Socrates said, â€Å"the unexamined life is not worth living, † (Pojman and Fieser, 2012, p. 2). The focus of ethics is the reflection and study of actions and motives as seen in the famous quotation of Socrates. With that pursuit, ethics is correlated with morality or moral philosophy as they deal with the right and wrong conduct, but ethics is larger than morality as the latter is just a portion of the former (Keim, 2000, p. 180). Since ethics affects decision and choice as guided by whether an action is good or bad, it can shape the culture of people. Culture allows men to survive as deals with the physical and sociological realms of life as people of the same group have the same behavior (Ayisi, 1992, p. 2). In short, culture is a way of life as people respond for learning and survival in their everyday lives. According to Hofstede, another definition of culture is â€Å"the collective programming of the human mind that distinguishes the members of one human group from those of another, † (Wagner, 2009, p. 2). Culture is said to be a mindset of a group of people as they adapt to their environment and as they interact with one another.